翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Abu Akash ・ Abu al Abyad ・ Abu Al Fazal Abdul Wahid Yemeni Tamimi ・ Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah ・ Abu al-'Ila Mosque ・ Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ・ Abu al-Abbas Ahmad II ・ Abu al-Abbas al-Azafi ・ Abu al-Abbas al-Jarawi ・ Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi ・ Abu al-Abbas al-Nabati ・ Abu al-Abbas as-Sabti ・ Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri ・ Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi' ・ Abu Al-Asar Hafeez Jullundhri ・ Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali ・ Abu al-Bahlul al-Awwam ・ Abu al-Baraa el-Azdi ・ Abu al-Bayan ibn al-Mudawwar ・ Abu al-Dhahab ・ Abu al-Duhur ・ Abu al-Duhur Nahiyah ・ Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas Forces ・ Abu al-Fadl Ja'far ibn 'Ali al-Dimashqi ・ Abu al-Fadl, Ramle ・ Abu al-Faraj ・ Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani ・ Abu al-Fawaris ・ Abu al-Gasim al-Zahravi ・ Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali ： ウィキペディア英語版 Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali ((アラビア語:أبو الأسود الدؤلي)) (ca. 603CE/16BH – 688 or 689CE/69AH) was a close companion of Ali ibn Abi Talib and a grammarian. He was the first to place consonant-pointing and vowel-pointing (markings) on Arabic letters to clearly identify them. He was the first to write on Arabic linguistics, and is said to be the first to write a book on Arabic grammar (''nahw'').〔Ibn Khallikan. ''Wafaayat al-'Ayaan.'' vol. 1 p. 663.〕 Al-Du'ali educated many students.〔M. Mukarram Ahmed. ''Encyclopaedia of Islam.'' p. 83.〕 == Letter-pointing and vowel-pointing == Al-Du'ali is credited with inventing a system of placing large colored dots above certain letters to differentiate consonants (because several groups share the same shape), and indicate short vowels (because the sounds are not otherwise indicated). Consonant differentiation is called ''I'jam'' (or ''naqt''). Vowel indication is called ''tashkil''. Al-Du'ali's large-dot system addressed both of these, resolving readers' confusion and making clear how to read and write Arabic words.〔 Although effective, the large dots were difficult to use on small-size fonts and on any but a limited selection of scripts. They were also time-consuming to make on any size font or script. Thus, the Umayyad governor al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf al-Thaqafi asked two of al-Du'ali’s students to create and codify a new system that was simpler and more efficient. A new ‘’tashkil’’ system was developed by Al Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi (d. 786). It has been universally used for Arabic script since the early 11th century.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.